Plaster-board.



1I. E. SCHUMACHER.

PLASTER BOARD.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I6."I9I7.

l ,268,802 Patented June 4, 1918.

INVENTEIR,

g SJW/- H S. ATT DFINE'IY v of other instrumentalities utilizedin form-JOSEPH E. SCHUMAGHER, 0F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

'BLASTER-BOARD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J une d, 191%.

Application filed March 16,` 1917. Serial No. 155,233.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOSEPH E. SCHU- MACHER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and Stateof California, haveinvented a new and useful Improved Plaster- Board, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved article of manufacture and methodof producing the same, and more particularlyT to an improved plasterboard or plaster lath and method of making same. The invention has forits object to provide an improved article of manufacture consisting ofsuch plaster board or plaster lath, which will be superior in point ofsimplicity and inexpensiveness ofconstruction and constitution, whichwill be superior in durability and length of life, and which at the sametime may be employed more effectively in conjunction with a further wallelement, such as a plaster coating, to support the latter.

The invention likewise has for further objects the provision of suchimproved plaster board or plaster lath as may be inexpensively producedand put into condition for service in conjunction with such further wallelement, and likewise to provide a simple and eicacious method for theproduction of such article of manufacture.

With the above and other objects in View, the invention consists in thenovel and useful formation and construction and organization of partsand features and the novel and eicacious method of producing -the same,all as hereinafter described, shown in the drawing and finally pointedout in claims.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary face ."iew of a sheet or slab of plaster boardor plaster lath constructed, constituted and produced in accordance withthe present invention;

Flg. 2 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the same, taken upon theline :r2-m2, Fig.-

1, and looking inthe direction ofthe appended arrows;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a sheet or slab of `such plaster board orplaster lath and ing andl producing the same, or completing the same inthe condition` and formation shown in Figs. 1 and `2. Fig. 4 is aworking end or face view of the punch member-0r device shown inFig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1, of a modied form of the invention;and

Fig. 6 is av-iew similar to Figs. 1 and 5, of a still further modifiedform of the invention.

Corresponding parts in all the figures are designated by the samereference characters.

Referring with particularity to the drawing, the improved plaster boardor plaster lath is initially produced, in accordance with any preferredmethod or process, and comprises a body or filler a of cementitious orplastic material, which is disposed between face sheets b and c of paperor other suitable material which effectively' confines and preserves theunity of the filler or body a during the setting or hardening thereof.Such a plaster board or plaster lath is wellknown in the art, and thepresent invention relates particularly to certain features resultantupon or produced by modification or alteration of the continuous orimperforate formation of such plaster board or plaster lath sheet orslab, together with the method of procedure for producing suchmodification. It is understood of course that. in order to perform thefunction of plaster lath, the article of manufacture comprising thefiller or body a. and the surface sheets or strips b and c must beprovided with suitable irregularities of surface formation, or openingsor holes or crevices or the like for the reception of the plastic orcementitious body, or further wall element, to be applied 'to such lath,so that an effective interlocking may result as between such furtherwall element and the lath. In accordance with the present invention, Iprovide through openings, 5, in the otherwise imperforate plaster board,such openings being preferably or at least effectively of constanttransverse d1- mension, or cylindrical, such transverse holes oropenings being conveniently and effectively produced by a suitable punchdevice A, as illustrated in Fig. 3, with which `coperate dies B and C.In practice, such dies are placed in facial contact with the plasterboard article D, and one such die has abore 6 to receive the punch 7 inapproximately a working fit, whereas the bore 7 of.

the7 .other die is of a materially increased diameter, they punch beingfirst entered in the die B, and entering the die C after penetration of.the plaster board article D. `Such penetration is preferably produced bythe joint use of the punch and the dies prior to the placing the plasterboard in position, so that the plaster board or plaster lath may besupplied in finished and completed form, ready to be installed and toreceive the plaster coating or other wall element to be applied to thesame. The punch 7 makes a c ean hole in itsA first penetration oftheplaster board D, but as the punchin' operation proceeds toward thedie C whlch fails to confine and su port the plaster board closely up tothe ielod of punching operation, but supports the main body of theplaster board laterally, or outwardly thereof, the penetrating pressureof the punch tends to advance the material of the plaster boardy withthe punch into the bore of the die C,

or, in other words, to buckle the plaster y board to the breaking pointor to disrupt the into ragged and spaced tongues or ribbons,

which. initially are directed into the bore of the d1e C. Upon the'withdrawal `of the punch 7 the roughened condition or formation, as at8, persists in the inner walls 'of the through hole 5, andthe slightinherent spring quality in the tongues 9 of the broken facial sheet Ztends to restore the same to or toward the plane of the sheet b.v Thedies Band C are now removed from the er# forated plaster board, and asuccee ing punching operation ensues to' produce the pluraity of throughholes 5 indicated in If-the punched or perforated plaster board sheetsbe stacked upon each other, as produced, there will be a tendency torestore the tongues or ribbons 9 of the paper b substantially to theplanof such paper sheet.

The plaster board D has nowin effect been altered or modified so that itconstitutes plaster-lath, and is prepared to receive the plastic orcementitious further Wall coating or element which `may be applied tothe same in any suitable manner', and to the face thereof which isprovided'with the relatively clean-cut or perforated paper sheet orfacial covering 0. Such ap lication of Such plastic or mobile -or musmaterial will result in penetration there y `of the holes or throughopenings 5, which will produce tongues or keys eventually hardening andVsetting within such openings to interlock the further wall element withthe plaster lath and cause the same to be effectively .supported-andretained thereby. As such I' ings will be produced, preventing an'over-4plus of such mushy or plastic material from passing through suchopenings and being wasted beyond or behind the lath. With the sameeffect, the' tongues or ribbons 9 of the paper sheet b act inretardation or to check the passage of such wall material through suchholes 5. A sutlicient quantity of such material, however, protrudesthrough the holes 5 and between the tongues or ribbons 9, and over andbeyond and past the roughened or altered formation at 8, to produce akey or button beyond the surface sheet b, which, when hardened,positively and effectively, with its shank within the opening 5,prevents separationAof the wall coating or coverin from' the plasterlath; and such shank e eotively interlocks with the roughened andaltered or mutilated formation of the wall of the. hole 5, adding to theeiiiciencyof such interlocking action,

and inherent stability of the entire resultant l wall structure,-plaster-toeplaster or contacting engagement within these openings, of

'moist plaster with dry plaster, resulting likewise in a close adhesivejoint within suchA openings. All of these interlockin or inter-relatedactions serve far more e eotively to unite the further wall elementwiththe lath than would be the case if the holes 5 were perfectlycylindrical or had smooth Wall portions, or if the paper sheet b werecleanly pu'nched through and the tongues or ribbons 9 not allowed toremainjin/position. The substance of the further wall ele- `mentVlikewise surrounds and embeds to a certain extent such tongues orribbons 9,

` which likewise further lacts as bonds to interlock such tongues withtheplaster lath. The paper tongues 'or ribbons 9 will of course 1e1doutwardly as the tongue or key of wal material presses against the same,

permitting such Amaterial to be projected beyond the plaster board; or,if the finished plaster board or plaster lath 'sheets Eare stacked upprior to use, and such tongues or rlbbons maintained' substantially inthe plane of the paper covering b, they will tend t'o re-assume theslightly outwardlyangled positions shown in Fig. 2, due to an inherenttendency in that direction caused by the punching action. In any event,whether said tongues lie within the plane `of the papercovering b, orare angled outwardly w1th respect to such plane, lwhen the Wall materialis applied to the lath, they 130 will serve somewhat to retard theintruding plaster key, as well as to unite with the same 1n bondingaction.

As shown, punch 7 is provided with a tapered end portion producingfacets or end faces 10 separated by cutting edges 10a; but it will beunderstood that any suitable work* ing end formation of such punch maybe employed.

A further coating of plaster or other material may be applied to thereverse side of the lath, the heads formed by the protruding plasterpreviously applied interlocking with said plaster coating and firmlysupporting the same. As shown in Fig. 5, an effective form of hole 5comprises a triangular perforation producing tongues 9 which moreclosely overlap the hole and check the protruding plaster while yieldingsufficiently to permit the formation of heads for the purposes abovedescribed. As shown in the uppermost hole in Fig. 2, a suitable punchmay be employed to cause mutilation of the first produced end of thehole on retraction of such punch, for further interlocking purposes.

It is manifest that many variations in detail and in specific charactermay be. made, in departure from the foregoing description and statementand the showing of the drawing in adapting the invention, either withrespect to the plaster lath itself or the method of its production, tovarying conditions and requirements of use and service, all withoutdeparting from the real characteristics of the invention and a fairinterpretation of the spirit thereof.

Having thus disclosed my invention, l claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent:

l. As an improved article of manufacture, a plaster lath. comprising abody of initially plastic material and facial sheets of fiexiblematerial between which such body is disposed; there being a plurality ofthrough openings produced through such sheets' and said body andconfined by roughened or mutilated Walls; one of said surface coveringsbeing disrupted in registration with each of said openings to produceirregular tongues overlying the same.

2. As an improved article of manufacture, a laster lath provided withperforations, said ath com rising a body and surface sheets between wich the body is interposed; one of said surface sheets being disruptedin the production of the perforations to provide tongues overlying oneend of each perforation to partially and yieldingly seal the same.

3. Plaster board comprising surface sheets of flexible material and abody of plastic material disposed between and uniting the sheets, one ofthe sheets and said body having registering openings and the other ofsaid sheets having openings therein registering with and being smallerthan the openings of the first sheet and body, said last named openingshaving irregular confining walls.

4. Plaster board comprising surface sheets of iexible material and abody of plastic material disposed between and uniting the sheets, one ofthe sheets and said body having registering openings and the other ofsaid sheets having openings therein registering with and being smallerthan the openings of the first sheet and body, said last named openingshaving irregular confining Walls, defining irregular tongues lying inapproximately the same plane as the last named sheet.

5. An improved article of manufacture, a structurally completed plasterboard comprising surface sheets united by a plastic body and havingthrough openings formed therein, one of the surface sheets of said boardbeing formed to substantially and yieldingly close the openings atcertain ends thereof.

6. A structurally completed plaster board having through openingsprovided therein and one of its elements so formed as to materially andyieldingly retard the movement and the amount of wall material adaptedto pass therethrough when the latter is applied to the board and extendsinto and through the openings.

7. A structurally completed plaster board having through openingsprovided therein and one of its elements so formed as to magli:

terially retard the movement and the amount of Wall material adapted topass therethrough when the latter is applied to the board and extendsinto and through the openings; Said element substantially and yieldinglyclosing one end of each of the openings.

8. A plaster board provided with through openings therein, and means foryieldingly holding certain ends of the openings closed and which act toopen under the iniuence of y plastic material applied to the board andwhich enters the openings.

9. A plaster board provided with through openings therein, and means foryieldingly holding certain ends of the openings closed

